Unix ABCs
Unix, which is not an acronym, was developed by some of the members of the Multics team at the bell labs starting in the late 1960's by many of the same people who helped create the C programming language. The Unix today, however, is not just the work of a couple of programmers. Many other organizations, institutes and various other individuals contributed significant additions to the system we now know today.
- See additional Unix information and variants and information on the Unix definition.
Linux ABCs
Developed by Linus Torvalds and further elaborated by a number of developers throughout the world, Linux (lee'nuhks/ or /li'nuks/,_not_/li:'nuhks) is a freely available multitasking and multiuser operating system. From the outset, Linux was placed under General Public License (GPL). The system can be distributed, used and expanded free of charge. In this way, developers have access to all the source codes, thus being able to integrate new functions or to find and eliminate programming bugs quickly. Thereby drivers for new adapters (SCSI controller, graphics cards, etc.) can be integrated very rapidly.
- See additional Linux information and variants and information on the Linux definition.
MS-DOS vs. Linux and Unix
If you are able to navigate a computer using MS-DOS or the Windows command line, you should be able to quickly pick up on the navigation of Linux and Unix. In the below chart is a listing of common MS-DOS commands with their Linux and Unix counterpart.
Microsoft Excel shortcut keys
Its About shortcut page if you are looking for other shortcut keys used in other programs.
| Shortcut | Description |
|---|---|
| F2 | Edit the selected cell. |
| F3 | After a name has been created F3 will paste names. |
| F4 | Repeat last action. For example, if you changed the color of text in another cell pressing F4 will change the text in cell to the same color. |
| F5 | Go to a specific cell. For example, C6. |
| F7 | Spell check selected text or document. |
| F11 | Create chart from selected data. |
| Ctrl + Shift + ; | Enter the current time. |
| Ctrl + ; | Enter the current date. |
| Alt + Shift + F1 | Insert New Worksheet. |
| Alt + Enter | While typing text in a cell pressing Alt + Enter will move to the next line allowing for multiple lines of text in one cell. |
| Shift + F3 | Open the Excel formula window. |
| Shift + F5 | Bring up search box. |
| Ctrl + A | Select all contents of the worksheet. |
| Ctrl + B | Bold highlighted selection. |
| Ctrl + I | Italic highlighted selection. |
| Ctrl + K | Insert link. |
| Ctrl + U | Underline highlighted selection. |
| Ctrl + 1 | Change the format of selected cells. |
| Ctrl + 5 | Strikethrough highlighted selection. |
| Ctrl + P | Bring up the print dialog box to begin printing. |
| Ctrl + Z | Undo last action. |
| Ctrl + F3 | Open Excel Name Manager. |
| Ctrl + F9 | Minimize current window. |
| Ctrl + F10 | Maximize currently selected window. |
| Ctrl + F6 | Switch between open workbooks or windows. |
| Ctrl + Page up | Move between Excel work sheets in the same Excel document. |
| Ctrl + Page down | Move between Excel work sheets in the same Excel document. |
| Ctrl + Tab | Move between Two or more open Excel files. |
| Alt + = | Create a formula to sum all of the above cells |
| Ctrl + ' | Insert the value of the above cell into cell currently selected. |
| Ctrl + Shift + ! | Format number in comma format. |
| Ctrl + Shift + $ | Format number in currency format. |
| Ctrl + Shift + # | Format number in date format. |
| Ctrl + Shift + % | Format number in percentage format. |
| Ctrl + Shift + ^ | Format number in scientific format. |
| Ctrl + Shift + @ | Format number in time format. |
| Ctrl + Arrow key | Move to next section of text. |
| Ctrl + Space | Select entire column. |
| Shift + Space | Select entire row. |
| Ctrl + - | Delete the slected column or row. |
| Ctrl + Shift + = | Insert a new column or row. |
| Ctrl + Home | Move to cell A1. |
| Ctrl + ~ | Switch between showing Excel formulas or their values in cells. |
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